Isingeniso
Sawubona! Ukulungele ukwembula izimfihlakalo zamapulasitiki? Kusuka ku-smartphone esandleni sakho kudeshibhodi emotweni yakho, amapulasitiki akuyo yonke indawo. Futhi namhlanje, sidonsela ukujula ukuze kombule ukuthi yini ebenza bakhiphe uphawu.
Kungani lokhu kubalulekile
Ukuqonda izakhiwo zepulasitiki akuyona nje ososayensi. Kumele noma ngubani osebenzisa, kahle, noma yini. Ngokuqina kanye nokwenza izinto ezintsha ngaphambili, ukwazi amapulasitiki akho kungaphezu kokulusizo nje - kubalulekile.
Izinhlobo zepulasitiki & Izici zabo
Amapulasitiki awawona usayizi owodwa ofanele. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zinezici ezihlukile ezenzelwe imisebenzi ethile. Asiphule.
I-Snapshot: Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zeplastiki ephezulu
| Uhlobo lwepulasitiki | Incekusana | Iphuzu elincibilikayo | Amandla | Lapho uzokuthola khona |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I-Polyethylene (PE) | 0.91-0.96 | 115-135 ° C | 20-40 MPA | Izikhwama zokuthenga, amabhodlela |
| I-Polypropylene (PP) | 0.90 | 130-171 ° C | 25-40 MPA | Amabhokisi okudla kwasemini, izingxenye zemoto |
| Uhlobo lwenhlanzi | 1.3-1.45 | I-100-260 ° C | 40-80 MPA | Amapayipi, i-Vinyl Flooring |
| I-Polystyrene (PS) | I-1.04-1.07 | 100-270 ° C | 40-55 MPA | Amabhodlela wenkomishi yekhofi, ukupakishwa |
| Thinta ngothando | 1.38-1.39 | 250-260 ° C | I-50-75 MPA | Amabhodlela eSoda, izindwangu |
| I-Polycarbonate (PC) | 1.2 | 155-297 ° C | I-55-75 MPA | Izibuko zamehlo, ama-DVD |
| Polyurethane (pu) | 1.20-1.25 | 130-20 ° C | I-20-60 MPA | Ukufakwa, umatilasi |
| I-PTFE | 2.2 | 327 ° C | 25-35 MPA | Amapani angewona ama-stick |
| -Valeke | I-1.05-1.07 | 105-125 ° C | 40-70 MPA | Izitini ze-Lego, amakhibhodi |
I-Dive ejulile: Izindaba ngemuva kwezibalo
Uhlobo ngalunye lwepulasitiki lunendaba yalo eyingqayizivele, izakhiwo, kanye nezicelo. Ake sibazi kangcono:
I-Polyethylene (PE)
The lowdown: Ipulasitiki evame kakhulu nxazonke. Engasindi, amelana nomswakama, futhi ukuguquguquka okumangazayo.
Ukukhanya kwabuka: Lawo mabhodlela e-ketchup angenakuqhathaniswa nezikhwama zakho zokudla? Lokho kusebenza.
I-Polypropylene (PP)
The lowdown: Ukuqina nokuguquguqukayo. Eyaziwa ngokumelana kwayo okushisa okushisa kanye nokuqina kokukhathala.
Ukukhanya kwabuka: Iziqukathi zakho eziphephile ze-microwave namacala ebhethri lemoto? Zonke isichotho se-PP.
I-PVC (polyvinyl chloride)
The lowdown: Ukuvumelana nezimo futhi kuhlala isikhathi eside. Ungaba lukhuni futhi luguquguquke, okwenza kube yintandokazi ekwakheni nasemfashini.
Ukukhanya kwabuka: Amapayipi asekhaya lakho namabhuzu akho emvula? Umlingo wePvc.
I-Polystyrene (PS)
The lowdown: Engasindi futhi ebumbayo. Ukuhamba kokufakwa kanye nokufakelwa okuvikelayo.
Ukukhanya kwabuka: Isembozo senkomishi yekhofi yakho kanye nokufakelwa okuvikelayo kwama-elekthronikhi? I-PS yiqhawe elingapheli.
Pet (polyethylene terephthalate)
The lowdown: Kucacile futhi kuqinile. Inkampani embonini yesiphuzo.
Ukukhanya kwabuka: Lawo mabhodlela e-soda acacile kanye nezihembe zakho ze-comfy polyester? Umnikelo wesilwane.
I-Polycarbonate (PC)
The lowdown: Kunzima futhi kusobala. Eyaziwa ngokucaca kwayo okubonakalayo nokumelana nomthelela.
Ukukhanya kwabuka: Ama-eyeglass akho ama-eeglass nama-DVD? I-PC yenza kube nokwenzeka.
Polyurethane (pu)
The lowdown: Iguquguqukayo futhi ihlala isikhathi eside. Intandokazi ye-foams kanye nama-sealants.
Ukukhanya kwabuka: Umatilasi wakho omnandi kanye ne-sealant egumbini lakho lokugezela? Umsebenzi wezandla we-PU.
Ptfe (polytetrafluoroethylene)
The lowdown: Akusebenzi futhi okushelelayo. Iqhawe elinganamatheli.
Ukukhanya kwabuka: Amapani akho okungewona amanqamu kanye nama-lubrics athile? Ngiyabonga PTFE.
I-ABS (i-acrylonitrite buthadiene styyrene)
The lowdown: Okuqinile futhi okucwebezelayo. Okuthandayo kwamathoyizi nezingxenye ezithile zezimoto.
Ukukhanya kwabuka: Lezo zitini ezinemibala emihle nezinkinobho zakho zekhibhodi ezicwebezelayo? Abs esenzweni.
Yini ethonya izakhiwo zepulasitiki
Amapulasitiki angabanjwa futhi ahlelwe ngezindlela ezingenakubalwa. Ake siveze izici ezakha izici zazo.
Izengezo: Abashintshi bomdlalo
Ukusuka ekwenzeni amapulasitiki amelana nelanga ukubanikeza imibala esebenzayo, izengezo ziyi-seace eyimfihlo.
- Abaqinisi be-UV: Vikela amapulasitiki avela ekulimaleni kwelanga.
- Amalangabi amalangabi: Nciphisa ukuvutha.
- Amapulasitiki: Ukukhuphula ukuguquguquka.
Ezokukhiqiza: Ukuqamba ipulasitiki ephelele
Indlela amapulasitiki enziwa ngayo angashintsha kakhulu izakhiwo zawo.
- Ukubunjwa komjovo: Kuhle ukwakheka okuningiliziwe, kepha kungaletha ukucindezela.
- Vuthela Ukubumba: Ilungele izinto eziyize njengamabhodlela.
- I-Extrusion: Ilungele ukudala imikhiqizo emide eqhubekayo efana namapayipi.
Imvelo: Amapulasitiki emhlabeni wangempela
Izimo zangempela zomhlaba zingashintsha umdlalo wamapulasitiki.
- Izinga lokushisa nokubanda: Amanye amapulasitiki awakwazi ukuphatha ukushisa (noma ukubanda).
- Ukuswakama: Amanzi angaba ngumngane omkhulu weplastiki noma isitha esibi kakhulu.
- Ukuvezwa Kwamakhemikhali: Amapulasitiki athile amelane nama-acid kodwa angahlehlisa ngama-solvents.
Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha: ukusonteka ku-tale
Eminyakeni yokuzinza, okuqukethwe okuvuselelwa kabusha kuya ngokuya kuvame kakhulu emikhiqizweni yepulasitiki. I-plastitics eyenziwe kabusha ingahle ibe nezakhiwo ezihlukile ezihlukile ngenxa yokucutshungulwa kwangaphambilini noma ukuguga.
- I-Post-Consumer vs POST-Industrial: Lapho kuvela khona izinto eziphindaphindwayo kungathinta ikhwalithi.
- Ukungcola: Amapulasitiki asetshenziswe kabusha angaqukatha ukungcola okuthinta izakhiwo zawo.
Ukusimama: amapulasitiki aneminyaka yobudala eluhlaza
Amapulasitiki nokusimama? Kuyisihloko esishisayo. Ngenkathi amapulasitiki anikela ngezinzuzo eziningi, ukungezwani kwabo kwezemvelo akunakuphikwa. I-Biodegradable Plastics, imizamo yokuphinda usebenzise kabusha, kanye nokuya emnothweni oyindilinga konke kuyingxenye ye-equastics ukwenza iplanethi enobungane kakhulu.
Biodegradable vs. ngokwesiko
- I-Biodegradable Plastics: Imvelo-enobungane, kepha hhayi njalo ihlala isikhathi eside.
- Amapulasitiki wendabuko: Kuhlala isikhathi eside, kepha kungaba yikhanda lemvelo.
Ukuphinda usebenzise kabusha: Ukunikeza amapulasitiki ithuba lesibili
- Abanqobi bokuphinda basebenzise kabusha: Pet and HDPE kuholele iphakethe.
- Ama-underdogs asetshenziswa kabusha: PVC kanye nezinselelo ze-PS FICE kodwa zingaba namandla.
| Uhlobo lwepulasitiki | Biodegradable | Iphinde iphinde isebenze kabusha | Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile |
|---|---|---|---|
| Thinta ngothando | -Nokuba | Yebo | Amabhodlela |
| Hdpe | -Nokuba | Yebo | Izikhwama Zokudla |
| Uhlobo lwenhlanzi | -Nokuba | -Nokuba | Amapayinjana |
| Ipla | Yebo | -Nokuba | Ukupakishwa kokudla |
Umnotho oyindilinga: Ithemba Elisha
Umqondo womnotho oyindilinga uhlose ukunciphisa imfucuza futhi wenze okungcono kakhulu kwezinsizakusebenza. Lapha, imikhiqizo efana namapulasitiki avuselelwa kabusha, alungiswa, noma avuselelwa kabusha ukuze anwebe impilo yabo.
- Idizayini eguquguqukayo: Ukwakha imikhiqizo yepulasitiki enokuhlukaniswa engqondweni kungenza kube lula ukuziphindaphinda kamuva.
- Upcycling: Ukuguqula imfucuza yemfucumfucu ibe yizinto ezintsha noma imikhiqizo yekhwalithi engcono.
Ukuzibophezela Kwabathengi
Ekugcineni, i-onus ayisebenzi nje abakhiqizi; Abathengi bangenza nezinketho ezinolwazi nazo.
- Ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo: Khetha imikhiqizo enokupakishwa okungaphansi noma okuphindaphindeka.
- Amakhodi wokuphinda asebenze kabusha endaweni: Zijwayeze ngamakhodi wokuphinda usebenzise kabusha endaweni yangakini ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ulahla amapulasitiki kahle.
Ukucatshangelwa okusebenzayo kwezimboni
Ukusuka ekupakisheni nasekwakhiweni kwezempilo kanye ne-elekthronikhi, amapulasitiki athole ikhaya yonke indawo, ngenxa yezakhiwo zazo ezihlukile nokuvumelana nezimo.
Ukuchitha i-Smart: Ikhwalithi VS. Izindleko
Cabanga kokuba nepulasitiki enhle engakhuthazelela ukushisa kukaSahara kanye nokubanda kuka-Antarctica. Kuzwakala kupholile, kwesokudla? Kepha ingabe uyayidinga ngempela? Konke mayelana nokuthola i-bang enhle kakhulu yebhande lakho.
- Amapulasitiki akhethekile: Ilungele izidingo ze-niche kodwa ingahle icindezele ephaketheni lakho.
- Ipulasitiki yansuku zonke: Kuhle izidingo zobuningi ngaphandle kokuphula ibhange, kepha kungenzeka ukuthi abi nalabo “-ngavamile” izici.
I-RuleBook Rundown: Ukuhlala kucace
Izimboni ezahlukahlukene, imithetho ehlukene. Ikakhulukazi uma kukhulunywa ngeplastiki. Noma ngabe ukudlile, Pharma, noma izimoto, unemihlahlandlela okufanele uyilandele.
- I-Foodie Alert: Uma kuthinta ukudla, kungcono kube ne-nod kaFDA.
- Ukuphepha kuqala: Esimweni esithambekele somlilo? Uzodinga amapulasitiki amelana namalangabi.
I-Eco-Equation: Uhlangothi oluhlaza lwepulasitiki
Ukukhetha kwakho kwepulasitiki akuyona nje into engenza. Kumayelana nomthelela wawo kuMama Emhlabeni.
- Indalo Ehlanzekile: Iya kumapulasitiki abhalwe ezinqubweni ezinobungane.
- I-AfterLife: Cabanga ukuthi ipulasitiki yakho izophela kuphi. Ukuvuselela kabusha? Ukugcwaliswa komhlaba? Hlela kusengaphambili.
Isu Lokuhlinzekwa Kwempahla: Ukuthola ipulasitiki yakho ngesikhathi, ngaso sonke isikhathi
Akukona nje ngokukhetha ipulasitiki efanele. Kumayelana nokukuthola lapho uyidinga, lapho uyidinga khona.
- Ikhaya vs World: Imithombo yendawo igawule ukuphuma kwezokuthutha kepha ingahle ibe nomkhawulo.
- Stockpile noma ukuhanjiswa?: Ubuningi bathenga imali, kepha lapho kuphela-isikhathi sokonga isikhala.
Ikusasa: Ukuhlala phambili kumdlalo wepulasitiki
Umhlaba wamapulasitiki uvela njalo. Izinto ezintsha, izindlela ezintsha. Ngabe uyaqhubeka?
- Iwashi lobuchwepheshe: Tshala imali ocwaningweni. Ukuhlolwa kwanamuhla kungaba ngumguquli wegeyimu wakusasa.
- I-Foedback Loop: Lalela abasebenzisi. Ukuqonda kwabo kungaqondisa ukukhetha kwakho kwepulasitiki okulandelayo.
Isiphetho
Kusuka ezintweni zansuku zonke esizisebenzisayo kumanani amasha aqhuba izimboni, amapulasitiki ahlanganiswe ngokungafanele. BanguTestament ekuhlakanipheni komuntu, okunikeza ukuguquguquka nokusebenza kwezicelo ze-MyRiad. Njengoba siqhubekela phambili, inselelo ilele ekuhlanganiseni amandla abo ngenkathi inyathela kancane emhlabeni wethu.
